Biological Pathway Reviews
| Mutation Type | Summary | Cancer Type | View |
|---|---|---|---|
AKT (protein kinase B) is a serine threonine kinase that plays a pivotal role in regulating many cell processes, including survival, proliferation, invasion, apoptosis, and angiogenesis.1 Disruptions in the AKT pathway are associated with cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular and neurological diseases.2 In breast cancer, AKT is disrupted in up to 70% of cases, making it a valua |
Breast Cancer | View | |
PIK3CA (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit) is an oncogene that encodes one piece (a subunit) of an enzyme called phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-Kinase).1 PIK3CA plays a role in the control of cell growth, cell survival, and cell migration. |
Breast Cancer; Lung Cancer; Ovarian Cancer | View | |
| EZH2 | By modulating critical gene expression, EZH2 promotes cell cycle progression, cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis.1 |
Bladder Cancer; Breast Cancer; Colorectal Cancer; Endometrial Cancer; Lung Cancer; Lymphoma; Ovarian Cancer; Prostate Cancer; Renal Cell Carcinoma | View |
| FGFR | Fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFR) are a gene family of receptor tyrosine kinases that are differentially expressed in a tissue-specific manner throughout development and into adulthood. |
Breast Cancer; Gastric Cancer; Head and Neck Cancer; Melanoma; Multiple Myeloma; Urothelial Cancer | View |
| FLT3 | FLT-3 is a receptor tyrosine kinase that activates pathways leading to the proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis of hematopoietic cells.1,2 FLT3-ITD mutations and FLT3-TKD mutations can lead to the production of FLT-3 ligands resulting in the activation of FLT-3 and subsequently triggers P |
ALL; AML; Breast Cancer; Cervical Cancer; Colorectal Cancer; Gastric Cancer; Lung Cancer; MDS; Melanoma; Ovarian Cancer; Pancreatic Cancer; Thyroid Cancer | View |
| GPRC5D | G protein-coupled receptor class C group 5 member D (GPRC5D) is a gene expressed in the hair follicle and malignant bone marrow plasma cells.1 G protein-coupled receptor proteins are cell surface receptors located in the plasma membrane. |
Multiple Myeloma | View |
| HER2 | Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is 1 of 4 transmembrane tyrosine kinase receptor proteins in the epidermal growth factor receptor family.1,2 Normally expressed on epithelial cellular membranes of organs such as breast and skin, HER2 exists in other tissues, includi |
Bladder Cancer; Breast Cancer; Cervical Cancer; Cholangiocarcinoma; Colorectal Cancer; Endometrial Cancer; Esophageal Cancer; Gallbladder Cancer; Gastric Cancer; Head and Neck Cancer; Lung Cancer; Ovarian Cancer; Pancreatic Cancer; Prostate Cancer; Salivary Cancer; Testicular Cancer; Uterine Cancer; Vaginal Cancer | View |
| HRR | Homologous recombination repair (HHR) is a DNA repair mechanism that removes damaged DNA by acting on double-strand breaks, interstrand crosslinks, and other kinds of DNA damage.1 DNA damage is repaired with high fidelity by correcting damage with information copied from a homologous undamaged molecule.2 Defects in HRR are present in some cancers.3 |
View | |
| 20S Proteasome | The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) is the essential system within the body to ensure elimination of misfolded proteins.1 Proteins which are to be degraded are tagged with polyubiquitin chains, which are recognized by 19S.1 This particle, 19S, along with the 20S proteasome core, form the 26S proteasome overall.1 One protein the 20S proteasome targe |
Mantle Cell Lymphoma; Multiple Myeloma | View |
