First-Line Abiraterone Associated With Differential Outcomes by Race in mCR Prostate Cancer

First-line abiraterone is found associated with improved overall survival among African American men compared with non-Hispanic White men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.

"Through comparing abiraterone with enzalutamide, our study is the first to our knowledge to evaluate for an association between race and androgen receptor signaling inhibition therapy and thereby examine both the prognostic value of race among abiraterone-treated patients and the predictive value of race on abiraterone vs enzalutamide outcomes," Dr Marmar explained, alongside co-investigators. 

Researchers investigated the differences in outcomes with first-line abiraterone therapy between African American and non-Hispanic White men with mCRPC in a retrospective real-world cohort by using a nationwide electronic health record-derived database. To note, the database included 3808 men receiving first-line therapy for mCRPC.

Priority outcomes evaluated included overall survival from the commencement of first-line treatment. Results revealed African American men displayed a higher overall survival at 23 months compared with 17 months for non-Hispanic White men. First-line abiraterone was associated with a lower median overall survival at 17 months compared with 20 months with enzalutamide.

“Prior research suggests that abiraterone is associated with greater clinical benefit for African American patients than for White patients with mCRPC. This real-world cohort study affirms these findings and is, to our knowledge, the first one to find that first-line abiraterone was associated with improved overall survival among African American patients compared with White patients,” concluded investigators. -Alexis Hyams

Reference

Marar M, Long Q, Mamtani R, Narayan V, Vapiwala N, Parikh RB. Outcomes Among African American and Non-Hispanic White Men With Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer With First-Line Abiraterone. JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(1):e2142093. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.42093