Sun Exposure and Photoprotection: Impact on Acne and Patient Outcomes

A recent study published in the Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology explored the influence of sun exposure on acne and the potential benefits of photoprotection in improving patient outcomes. The study sheds light on various environmental factors that can trigger or exacerbate acne, such as solar radiation, air pollution, stress, diet, and lack of sleep. It emphasizes the importance of understanding these factors and implementing effective photoprotective measures.

The research involved an extensive review of literature from January 1992 to November 2022, utilizing search engines such as Google Scholar and PubMed. The results highlighted the significant impact of the exposome on acne, including the role of sun exposure and its association with acne exacerbation, post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, and erythema. The study revealed that ultraviolet (UV) A and visible light can reduce inflammation, whereas UVB radiation may increase proinflammatory cytokine expression, keratinocyte proliferation, and sebum production.

Moreover, the study emphasized the importance of choosing appropriate sunscreens that possess properties such as emollient, antioxidant, and sebum-control. These optimized formulations can not only provide protection against solar radiation but also enhance adherence to treatments, camouflage lesions, reduce inflammation, and minimize the incidence of post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation and erythema. The use of sunscreens tailored to specific skin care needs and skin types, particularly for individuals with skin of color, was spotlighted.

"The exposome and solar radiation can trigger or worsen acne. UV light can induce post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation/erythema, and can initiate flares," concluded the study authors. "The use of specifically formulated sunscreens could enhance adherence to topical or systemic therapy, camouflage lesions (tinted sunscreens), decrease inflammation, and reduce the incidence of post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation/erythema."

Reference
Piquero-Casals J, Morgado-Carrasco D, Rozas-Muñoz E, et al. Sun exposure, a relevant exposome factor in acne patients and how photoprotection can improve outcomes. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2023;22(6):1919-1928. doi:10.1111/jocd.15726