Possible Association Between Genetically Predicted Rheumatoid Arthritis and Alopecia Areata

According to a study published in Frontiers in Immunology, there is a possible link between genetically predicted rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and alopecia areata (AA).

Researchers aimed to elucidate the potential causal relationship between RA and AA using the Mendelian randomization (MR) design. They utilized extensive gene aggregation data obtained from large-scale genome-wide association studies, encompassing 58 284 individuals with RA and 361 822 with AA based on prior observational studies. Employing the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method, supplemented by the weighted median (WM) method and the MR Egger method, the researchers conducted a comprehensive analysis.

Results from the IVW methods unveiled a substantial association between genetically predicted RA and an increased likelihood of AA, with an odds ratio of 1.21 (95% CI = 1.11-1.32; P < .001). Both the WM method and MR-Egger regression consistently demonstrated significant directional outcomes (both P < .05), reinforcing a robust association between RA and AA. Furthermore, evidence from the funnel plot and MR-Egger intercepts suggested the absence of directional pleiotropy, indicating that the observed association was not influenced by common genetic factors.

“This finding highlights the importance for individuals diagnosed with RA to remain vigilant and aware of the potential development of AA. Regular monitoring and early detection can be crucial in managing and addressing this potential complication,” the authors concluded.

Reference
Zhong S, Lan L, Zheng Z, Zhang H, Wen Y. Association between genetically predicted rheumatoid arthritis and alopecia areata: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Front Immunol. Published online October 31, 2023. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2023.1269640