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Sleep Disturbances Associated With MDD Recurrence Over 3 Years
Hypersomnolence, insomnia, and sleep dissatisfaction predicted the recurrence of major depressive disorder (MDD) over 3 years, according to a poster presentation at Psych Congress 2023 in Nashville, Tennessee.
“Sleep disturbances appear early in the care pathway and are highly predictive of recurrent MDD,” reported Venkatesh Ganapathy, MD, of Takeda Pharmaceuticals USA Inc. and co-authors in the poster abstract.
The longitudinal study investigated sleep disturbances, including hypersomnolence, which researchers defined as an unrefreshing prolonged main sleep period of 9 hours or longer, in US adults from 8 states. Researchers interviewed 12,218 participants from the general population in wave 1, and 3 years later re-interviewed 10,931 participants in wave 2.
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The 12-month prevalence of MDD was 9.5% in wave 1 and 12.1% in wave 2. Some 41.8% participants with MDD in wave 1 continued to report depressive symptoms in wave 2. Additionally, 6% of participants who had a complete or partial remission at wave 1 reported an MDD recurrence at wave 2, according to the abstract.
Patient characteristics during wave 1 that predicted an MDD recurrence 3 years later included hypersomnolence (relative risk [RR 5.5]), insomnia with excessive daytime sleepiness (RR 3.8), sleep dissatisfaction (RR 3.4), and insomnia without excessive daytime sleepiness (RR 2.2).
Compared with participants without MDD in wave 1, those with recurrent MDD at wave 2 had more hypersomnolence (7.7% vs 1.9%), insomnia (20.4% vs 12.7%), insomnia with excessive daytime sleepiness (30.7% vs 11.3%), and global sleep dissatisfaction (37.8% vs 13.7%).
“These findings support the impact of sleep disturbances on MDD and help establish a link between hypersomnolence and MDD recurrence,” poster authors wrote.
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