P020 Proton Pump Inhibitor Therapy: Providing “Acid” Outcomes in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease Under Infliximab Treatment

BACKGROUND: A recent meta-analysis has suggested that proton pump inhibitor (PPI) therapy is associated with lower clinical remission rates and a higher number of hospitalizations in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) under infliximab therapy. We aimed to assess if these differences kept their significance when adjusted for other possible confounders. METHODS: Cohort study of consecutive patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) and Ulcerative Colitis (UC) under infliximab therapy. A minimum follow-up of 54 weeks after introduction of infliximab treatment was required. The analyzed outcomes were deep remission at week 54 and the need of IBD-related hospitalization, corticosteroid treatment or abdominal surgery under infliximab treatment. Collected possible confounders were age, gender, smoking habits, perianal disease, extra-intestinal manifestations, familiar history of IBD and concomitant use of immunomodulators. RESULTS: Our final sample included 104 patients, 56 (53.8%) of them females, with a mean age of 38.2±13.1 years. From these, 77 (74.0%) had CD and 27 (26.0%) had UC. PPI therapy was described in 21 (20.2%) of the patients under infliximab treatment. On univariate analysis, PPI users were found to have significantly lower rates of deep remission at week 54 (7.7 vs 28.3%; p = 0.034) and higher IBD-related hospitalization rates (47.6 vs 21.7%; p = 0.034). No differences were found regarding the need of corticosteroid therapy (4.8 vs 10.8%; p = 0.398) or abdominal surgery (33.7 vs 21.7; p = 0.201). When adjusted for the collected confounders by multivariate analysis, while not significantly influencing deep remission at week 54 (OR = 0.16; 95%CI = 0.02-1.63; p = 0.121), concomitant PPI therapy was a significant independent risk factor for IBD-related hospitalization (OR = 3.22; 95%CI = 1.11-9.34; p = 0.04). CONCLUSION: Despite not conducting to significantly different deep remission rates, concomitant PPI therapy was associated with a three-fold increase in hospitalization rates in IBD patients under infliximab treatment, even when adjusted for classical risk factors for adverse outcomes in IBD. These findings emphasize the importance of restricting PPI treatment to those with a clear clinical indication, especially in this set of patients.