Biosimilars Gain Market Traction but Adoption Varies by Demographics and Other Factors

Two recent studies published in Health Affairs highlight the growing presence of biosimilars in the pharmaceutical market, revealing an increasingly competitive landscape with originator biologics. However, the uptake of biosimilars among patients remains varied, influenced by factors such as demographics, geographic location, care setting, prescriber specialty, and insurance type.

A study led by Molly Beinfeld of Tufts University analyzed market trends over a 7-year period, evaluating the coverage policies of 7 originator biologics and 20 biosimilars. The researchers found that payer preferences shifted significantly between 2017 and 2022, with preference for a single originator or biosimilar dropping from 70% to 24%. Additionally, coverage for multiple competing products increased from 30% to 76%.

Beinfeld’s team observed that biosimilars gained market share over time, typically surpassing originators after 3 years. The average sales price for the overall originator-biosimilar market declined by 63% within 4 years of a biosimilar's introduction, demonstrating cost-saving potential. This trend aligns with recent payer decisions, such as UnitedHealth Group’s move to exclude Humira (adalimumab) from its preferred drug list in 2025, following similar actions by Cigna and Caremark.

A separate study by researchers from Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School examined biosimilar adoption in nearly 200 000 patients. Their findings showed that biosimilar use rose from 1% in 2013 to 34% in 2022, with uptake varying by age, location, and site of care. Pediatric patients were significantly less likely to use biosimilars, while adoption was higher in the US (South and West).

The researchers suggested that regulatory adjustments, patent reforms, and education initiatives could further accelerate biosimilar adoption. As biosimilars continue to reshape the biologics market, policymakers and payers play a crucial role in ensuring wider access and cost savings for patients.

Reference

Craven J. Studies find uneven uptake of biosimilars as availability increases. September 18, 2024. Accessed March 18, 2025. https://www.raps.org/news-and-articles/news-articles/2024/9/studies-find-uneven-uptake-of-biosimilars-as-avail